This handbook was developed by the Advisory Group to the New York State and Federal Judicial Council to provide readily accessible guidance to attorneys working on cases in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit who face the possibility that their clients or other parties may request the federal court to refer state law issues to the New York Court of Appeals or the possibility that the Second Circuit may certify state law questions sua sponte.
The Federal Judicial Center did not contribute to this document. It is presented as an example of work from a state–federal judicial council.
This document is part of Federal and State Court Cooperation, a Special Topic Webpage.