Re-Return Orders Following Reversal of Lower Court Order on Appeal

The purpose of this guide is to help federal judges adjudicate civil cases alleging human rights violations under domestic and international law. This guide addresses cases with an international dimension brought in federal court pursuant to specific U.S.

A two-page checklist covering procedural issues, cases for return, defenses, return orders, and attorney fees.

Judge James Garbolino explains the role of the Central Authority, an entity that each country that is a signatory to the 1980 Convention must designate to assist in the administration of the Convention. In the United States, the Central Authority is the U.S. State Department.