Judge James Garbolino, Judge Catherine Serrette, and Judge Peter Messitte cover the basic elements of a Hague Convention case, including the specific requirements of the Convention, the most common defenses and their applicable standards of proof, available sources of law, and

Article 20 | Domestic Violence | Degree of Violence | Grave Risk to Child | Syariah Law

Grave Risk | Domestic Vio­lence

Even though the child is not directly harmed by violent conduct against a parent and his or her family, the child may be subjected to grave risk of physical and/or psychological harm as a result of that violence.

Mootness | Stays | Expeditious Handling