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Reports & Studies

Below is a list of a number of past published studies conducted by the Research Division. Some Center reports are not published or made publicly available due to restrictions in place from the source of the research request. Most research reports can be downloaded and in some instances, a hardcopy publication can be requested. See also Manuals, Monographs, & Guides.

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Title Datesort ascending
Policies of the Parole Commission and the Bureau of Prisons as They Affect the Judge's Sentencing Opinions

This paper is an introduction to understanding the relationship between a judge's sentence of imprisonment and the actions of those agencies that have responsibility for an offender after sentencing. It deals principally with policies affecting the duration of an offender's incarceration, and also includes some discussion of policies affecting the offender's experience while incarcerated.

January 1, 1978
The Voir Dire Examination, Juror Challenges, and Adversary Advocacy

A broad review of the legal and psychological issues presented by the voir dire examination and subsequent challenges of prospective jurors. The discussion is organized under four headings: interests, criteria, parameters, and methodology. An edited version of the paper is contained in The Trial Process (B. D. Sales ed., Plenum 1981).

January 1, 1978
Time Trends in the Earnings of Attorneys: Preliminary Report

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January 1, 1978
Case Management and Court Management in United States District Courts

An oft-cited analysis of the differences between court management procedures resulting in fast versus slow processing and those resulting in high versus low rates of disposition. This volume reports the overall results of the District Court Studies Project, a long-range effort by the Federal Judicial Center to assist the work of the United States district courts. The goal of the project is to help the courts achieve and reconcile the purpose stated in Rule 1 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure: "to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action." Specifically, the project has been designed to determine what procedures are associated with the highest possible speed and productivity, consistent with he highest standards of justice. Alternative procedures are examined and recommended.

January 1, 1977
Observation and Study: Critique and Recommendations on Federal Procedures

An evaluation of study commitments under 18 U.S. C. Sections 4205(c) and 5010(e). The report concludes that the objective of observation and study--obtaining professional evaluations to support sentencing decisions--has not been met. The author proposes a new model for these studies.

January 1, 1977
Appellate Court Case Weights Project

An attempt to develop estimates of relative workload in the courts of appeals without detailed timekeeping by judges. Judges estimated the relative workload associated with various appeal types, and their estimates were used to calculate case weights. The report concluded that the weighted caseloads produced by this method were not useful measures of appellate workload, but cautioned that the method could not be adequately assessed given the inconsistencies in the appellate court statistical reporting systems in place in the mid-1970s.

Please note: There is a typographical error in this document. The number VI was accidentally skipped when putting together the sequence of tables, but no text or table is missing from the report.

Also note: This report is reprinted in Part Two of Managing Appeals in Federal Courts (1988).

January 1, 1977
Role of the Judge in the Settlement Process

An analysis of some judicial techniques that help maximize the possibility of freely negotiated settlements. Reprinted in 75 Federal Rules Decisions 203

January 1, 1977
An Evaluation of the Civil Appeals Management Plan: An Experiment in Judicial Administration

An evaluation of the first experimental operation of the Civil Appeals Management Plan (CAMP) of the Second Circuit. The report evaluated a set of procedures designed to eliminate burdensome appeals, improve the quality of appeals, and expedite the appellate process through the use of mandatory scheduling orders and pre-argument conferences supervised by staff counsel. The report concluded that the initial experiment failed to provide conclusive evidence of the plan's substantive value but that further analysis is warranted (but see A Reevaluation of the Civil Appeals Management Plan).

January 1, 1977
Decisions Construing the Judicial Disqualification Statute

A brief analysis of the judicial disqualification statute, 28 U.S.C. Section 455, with an index and annotations of reported decisions construing the statute.

January 1, 1977
An Evaluation of Computer Assisted Legal Research Systems for Federal Court Applications

This report describes a Federal Judicial Center study that evaluated the use of computer-assisted legal research systems in federal courts in the 1970s.The report explained the systems that were compared and the methodology of the project, provides comparative data, and recommended adoption of the "full-text" system for use in federal courts.

January 1, 1977

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