Born 1932 in Detroit, MI

Federal Judicial Service:
Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
Nominated by Ronald Reagan on September 9, 1985, to a seat vacated by George Clifton Edwards, Jr. Confirmed by the Senate on October 16, 1985, and received commission on October 17, 1985. Assumed senior status on January 1, 2000.

Other Federal Judicial Service:
Reserve Military Judge, U.S. Navy, 1980-1992

Education:
University of Detroit Law School (now University of Detroit Mercy School of Law), LL.B., 1956
University of Detroit Mercy, B.A., 1992

Professional Career:

U.S. Naval Reserve captain, 1957-1992 (active duty, 1957-1960); lieutenant and law specialist, 1957-1960
Private practice, Detroit, Michigan, 1960-1963
Private practice, Redford, Michigan, 1963-1966
Justice of the peace, Redford, Michigan, 1963-1966
Judge, Michigan Circuit Court, Third Judicial Circuit, 1966-1975
Adjunct professor of law, University of Detroit, 1974-
Justice, Michigan Supreme Court, 1975-1985
Adjunct professor, Thomas M. Cooley Law School, 1979-1985