Born 1933 in Pittsburgh, PA

Federal Judicial Service:
Judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
Nominated by Ronald Reagan on October 20, 1981, to a new seat authorized by 92 Stat. 1629. Confirmed by the Senate on November 24, 1981, and received commission on December 1, 1981. Served as chief judge, 1991-1997. Assumed senior status on March 30, 1998. Service terminated on January 26, 2018, due to retirement.

Other Federal Judicial Service:
Judge, Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, 1993-2000
Judge, Alien Terrorist Removal Court, 2005-2016; chief judge, 2006-2016

Education:
University of Pennsylvania, B.S., 1955
George Washington University Law School, J.D., 1960

Professional Career:

Assistant corporation counsel, Washington, D.C., 1960-1962
Private practice, Washington, D.C. and Northern Virginia, 1962-1971
Judge, Virginia Circuit Court, Nineteenth Judicial Circuit, 1971-1981