June 22, 1870
The Department of Justice was established in 1870 and immediately took over the financial administration of the judiciary from the Interior Department. In 1888, the Justice Department also relieved the State Department of the duty to issue commissions to federal judges. The Justice Department served as the primary administrative body for the federal judiciary until the creation of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts in 1939.
See also:
View the timeline: The Administration of the Federal Courts