Born 1937 in New York, NY

Federal Judicial Service:
Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Nominated by Ronald Reagan on August 11, 1986, to a seat vacated by Robert Boochever. Confirmed by the Senate on September 25, 1986, and received commission on September 26, 1986. Assumed senior status on December 31, 2016.

Education:
St. John's University, B.A., 1957
Harvard Law School, J.D., 1963
University of Virginia School of Law, LL.M., 1992

Professional Career:

U.S. Army Reserve, JAG Corps (retired as major), 1955-1978
Tax attorney, Standard Oil Company of New Jersey and New York City, 1963-1965
Private practice, Portland, Oregon, 1965-1969, 1975-1986
Deputy attorney general, State of Oregon, 1969-1971
Public utility commissioner, State of Oregon, 1971-1973
Director, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, 1973-1974
Consultant, Office of the President-Elect of the United States, 1980-1981
Team leader, President's Private Sector Survey on Cost Control (Grace Commission), 1982-1983
Chairman, Advisory Panel to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Energy, 1983-1985